What does homozygous dominant refer to?

Homozygous dominant refers to a genetic scenario where an individual has two identical alleles for a trait, and both alleles are dominant. This means that the individual carries two copies of the dominant allele, often represented as "AA." Since both alleles are dominant, they will fully express the dominant phenotype in the organism.

This concept is fundamental in understanding how traits are inherited, as dominant alleles tend to mask the expression of recessive alleles. Therefore, homozygous dominant individuals will always exhibit the characteristics associated with the dominant trait, regardless of any potential recessive alleles that might be present in a different genetic makeup. This understanding is crucial in predicting inheritance patterns in offspring and how traits are passed from parents to children in genetics.