What term describes the genetic makeup of an organism?

The term that describes the genetic makeup of an organism is "genotype." The genotype refers specifically to the set of genes that an organism carries, which includes both the alleles that are present and the specific variations of those genes. It serves as the genetic blueprint that influences characteristics and traits.

In contrast, the phenotype refers to the observable characteristics or traits of an organism that result from the interaction of the genotype with the environment. A karyotype is a representation of an organism's complete set of chromosomes, which can provide insights into chromosomal abnormalities but does not specifically describe the genetic makeup in terms of the genes themselves. The term "phenoarray" is not a standard genetic term; it is often associated with methods for analyzing phenotypes but does not correspond to the genetic makeup of the organism. Thus, "genotype" is the most accurate term to describe the genetic composition.