Which of the following can cause mutations?

Mutations can occur due to various influences that affect the DNA sequence of an organism. The correct answer highlights that chemicals, radiation, and temperature can cause mutations.

Chemicals, such as certain solvents and heavy metals, can react with DNA and lead to changes in its structure, potentially resulting in mutations. Radiation, including ultraviolet light and ionizing radiation, can cause direct damage to DNA, leading to errors during DNA replication. Temperature can also have effects, particularly in extreme conditions, potentially impacting the stability of DNA and leading to mutations.

Understanding that mutations can stem from these physical and chemical influences helps to illustrate the complex interactions between organisms and their environments. Biological processes, such as errors during DNA replication or repair mechanisms, are also significant factors in mutation but are not exclusively encompassed in the original options. This underscores the multifaceted nature of mutation causation, with the correct choice encapsulating a wide range of external factors that can induce mutations.